tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23667174089682964702024-03-13T12:17:47.714-07:00Adopting the 49er's : Tafsir of Surat Al HujuratThis blog was created to facilitate learning from the IIOC Tafsir Class, taught by Shaykh Muhammad Ibn Faqih, using notes taken by various sisters, barak Allahu fihum.Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.comBlogger13125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-84472535153174116122007-03-21T22:22:00.000-07:002007-04-10T22:23:35.601-07:00Halaqah #14 - 3/21/07<p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Verse 6:</span></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِن جَاءكُمْ فَاسِقٌ بِنَبَأٍ فَتَبَيَّنُوا أَن تُصِيبُوا قَوْمًا بِجَهَالَةٍ فَتُصْبِحُوا عَلَى مَا فَعَلْتُمْ نَادِمِينَ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>O believers! If an unrighteous person comes to you with information, you should verify it or else you might inflict harm on a people in ignorance and then end up regretting what you have done.</i></span><br /></p> <a name="0.1_table07"></a> <div align="left"> <table border="2" cellspacing="0" width="0"> <tbody><tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">O you</span></td> <td width="50%"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">يَا أَيُّهَا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">who</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">الَّذِينَ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">believe</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">آمَنُوا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">If</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">إِن</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">comes to you</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">جَاءكُمْ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">a rebellious evil person</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">فَاسِقٌ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">with a news</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">بِنَبَأٍ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">verify it</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">فَتَبَيَّنُوا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">lest</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">أَن</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">you harm</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">تُصِيبُوا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">people</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">قَوْمًا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">in ignorance</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">بِجَهَالَةٍ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">And afterwards you become</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">فَتُصْبِحُوا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">for</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">عَلَى</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">what</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">مَا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">you have done</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">فَعَلْتُمْ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">regretful</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">نَادِمِينَ</span></td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Verse six is one of the most negelected verse in the Qur’an. It has a great significance and is a very important principle in our deen.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Banu Mustaliq was plotting against the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). It was because of this that the Prophet (sallahu aliahyi wa salaam) took the initiative to invade first. A portion of the tribe was killed in the battle, while the majority were taken as captives. The members of the tribe were divided and given to the Muslims as slaves. Juwairaiya, the daughter of the chief, Al-Haarith, was married to the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). The companions felt ashamaed of keeping her people as slaves, while she was married to the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam), therefore all of her people were freed. It is said there was no women who did her people a greater favor than Juwairaiya because of this. Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) gave dawah to Al-Haarith and he accepted Islam. He then told Al-Haarith to invite the rest of his tribe to Islam, and to collect zakah from them. Al-Haarith agreed and asked the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) to send him a messenger to collect the zakah. A date was set when the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) would send a messenger to collect it. The time arrived and no one arrived to Al-Haarith, so he thought that the Prophet was displeased with him and his tribe. He sent a group of people to meet the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). In the meanwhile, Al-Waleed bin Uqbah was sent by the Prophet to collect the zakah from Al-Haarith. On his way, he heard that Banu Mustaliq were armed and on their way to the Rasul. Upon hearing this, he assumed they were on their way to kill him. He went back to the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) and told him that Banu Mustaliq refused to give zakah. The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) became infuriated with this. He dispatched an army to go and fight Banu Mustaliq. The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) himself did not go out. The two groups met in between and were about to engage in a battle, but Banu Mustaliq surrendered. They asked the army why the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) was not pleased with them. They were informed it was due to their rejecting to pay the zakah. The two groups returned to the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) and saw the Prophet was upset. The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) asked Al-Haarith why he refused to pay zakah and tried to kill the messenger sent to him. Al-Haarith replied,</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>“By the one who sent you the truth, I did not see him nor did he come to me, and the only reason I came was because I feared that your reason for not contacting me was due to Allah’s displeasure with us.”</i></span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Al-Waleed ib Uqbah was asked about this, and he admitted to the truth. Immediately Allah revealed this ayat to reprimand the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam), and confirmed Al-Haarith and his people’s intention.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Everyone was blamed in this ayat; the person who made an assumption, the person who invented the story and the people around the Prophet (sallahua alaihyi wa salaam) including himself. Allah informed them they should not have reacted in the way they did, rather the information should have been verified first.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Subhanallah, back in the day, they were excited to give zakat whereas these days we ask for extensions, etc.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Any news that comes to you, you can do one of the three things:</span></p> <ol type="1"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">accept it</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">reject it</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">verify it</span></li></ol> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Don’t reject the news easily, you should verify it…Do not reject nor accept…if its rejected by our shai’rah, you reject it, if its not , then accept it. But if it comes from the People of the Book, don’t accept nor reject unless you can verify it.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">“Google everything” – Shaykh Muhammad Faqih.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Elements of a news:</span></p> <ol type="1"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Information it self, writer, who they are attributing to, source must be credible.</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Information needs to make sense</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Information must have principle of shai’rah</span></li></ol> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">There are two concerns for the fasiqeen (transgressors)</span></p> <ol type="1"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The person may be wicked, having a bad agenda. Immediately what they say is rejected.</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The person may not be wicked, but the person has a problem in their accuracy. That is why ahl alHadith when looking at a narrator narrating a hadith, not only question the faith of the person, but also the level of his accuracy.</span></li></ol> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">How does regret happened?</span></p> <ol type="1"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">consequences of your actions</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">the realization of an error or mistake.</span></li></ol> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">IF not sure what to do, use istikhara for your decisions. Don’t underestimate it!, use it </span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;">J</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">!</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Two things that Allah (swt) loves:</span></p> <ol type="1"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Forbearance</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Deliberation</span></li></ol> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Authenticating and confirming the news is the responsibility of the person who receives it. If a person is going to act upon it or make decision because of it, then the news MUST be investigated first.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">This can take on many levels:</span></p> <ol type="1"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">First level </span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"> The most critical of all is the level of the society and leadership</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Second level </span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"> Is the judge. A Judge in Islam can not rule based on a testimony</span></li></ol> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">When a person is called upon to judge between two, he must listen to both sides before issuing an answer. This can be seen in the following story of Dawood.</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">إِذْ دَخَلُوا عَلَى دَاوُودَ فَفَزِعَ مِنْهُمْ قَالُوا لَا تَخَفْ خَصْمَانِ بَغَى بَعْضُنَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ فَاحْكُم بَيْنَنَا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا تُشْطِطْ وَاهْدِنَا إِلَى سَوَاء الصِّرَاطِ</span></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>When they entered the presence of David, and he was terrified of them, they said: "Fear not: we are two disputants, one of whom has wronged the other: Decide now between us with truth, and treat us not with injustice, but guide us to the even Path..(38:22)</i></span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">إِنَّ هَذَا أَخِي لَهُ تِسْعٌ وَتِسْعُونَ نَعْجَةً وَلِيَ نَعْجَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فَقَالَ أَكْفِلْنِيهَا وَعَزَّنِي فِي الْخِطَابِ</span></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>"This man is my brother: He has nine and ninety ewes, and I have (but) one: Yet he says, 'commit her to my care,' and is (moreover) harsh to me in speech." (38:23)</i></span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">قَالَ لَقَدْ ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤَالِ نَعْجَتِكَ إِلَى نِعَاجِهِ وَإِنَّ كَثِيراً مِّنْ الْخُلَطَاء لَيَبْغِي بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَقَلِيلٌ مَّا هُمْ وَظَنَّ دَاوُودُ أَنَّمَا فَتَنَّاهُ فَاسْتَغْفَرَ رَبَّهُ وَخَرَّ رَاكِعًا وَأَنَابَ</span></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>(David) said: "He has undoubtedly wronged thee in demanding thy (single) ewe to be added to his (flock of) ewes: truly many are the partners (in business) who wrong each other: Not so do those who believe and work deeds of righteousness, and how few are they?"...and David gathered that We had tried him: he asked forgiveness of his Lord, fell down, bowing (in prostration), and turned (to Allah in repentance). (38:24)</i></span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Allah sent Dawud two people, who were actually angels in the forms of human beings. After only listening to one side, Dawud realized that this was a test from Allah and he made sujood right away. His mistake was that he did not listen to the other party involved.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">When Umar was approached by a person who had his eye poke out and wanted justice done, Umar wouldn’t decide on the matter until he heard the other side saying that it could have been that the person who approached him could have poked both of the eyes of the other person.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">One of the rights of a Muslim is if they have asked for your advice, go and research and give them advice.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Anytime anyone relays good news to another, it does not have to be verified (if it comes from someone known to be trustworthy). On the other hand, when someone conveys something negative, then he must come with evidence, supporting his claim.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">It is from the believer’s good character to keep himself from doubtful matters or situations that may raise some suspicion about himself.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Human are prone to pass judgment. That is why it is not allowed to pass judgment about othes, but rather all news must be verified first.</span></p>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-3061532672847547132007-03-14T17:58:00.000-07:002007-04-08T17:59:32.566-07:00Halaqah #13 - 3/14/07<p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> Verse 5: </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ صَبَرُوا حَتَّى تَخْرُجَ إِلَيْهِمْ لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَّهُمْ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ</span></span></span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"> <i>If only they had patience until thou couldst come out to them, it would be best for them: but Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.</i> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="8" cellspacing="0" width="666"> <col width="316"> <col width="316"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> And if </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">وَلَوْ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> They had </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">أَنَّهُمْ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> Patience </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">صَبَرُوا</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> till </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">حَتَّى</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> You could come out </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">تَخْرُجَ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> to them </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">إِلَيْهِمْ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> it would have been </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">لَكَانَ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> better </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">خَيْرًا</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> for them </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">لَّهُمْ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> And Allah is </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">وَاللَّهُ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> Oft-giving </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">غَفُورٌ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="justify"> Most Merciful </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">رَّحِيمٌ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> After the disapproval in the previous ayat (<span style="color:#000000;">Allah condemned the Bedouins who called out to the Prophet in such a manner), Allah explains to the Bedouins the correct mode of behavior with the main emphasis on sabr (patience). They should have knocked on one of the apartment doors and found out where the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) was.</span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <span style="color:#000000;">The group of Bedouins form the Tameen tribe who came to the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) had wanted to act on behalf of some pagan prisoners taken in recent battles against the Muslims. The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) listened to their request and decided to free half of them and charge a ransom for the rest. But if they had patiently waited outside the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) house, he would have probably freed all of the them. From this, we can see that the quality of patience is among the greatest virtues in Islam, hence why its emphasized in almost every surah of the Qur’an.</span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <span style="color:#000000;">Allah opens the door of his mercy by concluding the ayat, <span lang="ar-SA"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;">وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ</span></span> </span></span><span style="color:#000000;">, wallahu ghafoorun raheem (Allah is oft-forgiving, most merciful).</span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <span style="color:#000000;">This verse can be taken into further meaning and applied to the leaders of the community (ex: it is inappropriate to knock on someone’s door and call out loudly to them). Everyone is entitled to their right of privacy. </span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <span style="color:#000000;">From the mercy of Allah, He warned us against bad behavior, and then allowed the opportunity for those who committed the mistake a chance to repent to Him.</span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> Abu Hanifah said don’t raise your voices because it is a sign of foolishness (…donkey) and lowering your voice is a sign of wisdom. </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <span style="color:#000000;">Abu Sai’d Khudri reported: We were in the company of Ubayy b. Ka’b that Abu Musa Ash’ari came there in a state of anger. He stood (before us) and said, I ask you to bear witness in the name of Allah whether anyone amongst you heard Allah’s Messenger (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) as saying: Permission (for entering the house) should be sought three times and if permission is granted to you (then get in): otherwise go back.</span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> Ubaay b. Ka’b said: What is the matter? </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <span style="color:#000000;">He said: I sought permission yesterday form ‘Umar b. Khattab three times but he did not permit me, so I came back; then I went to him today and visited him and informed him that I had come to him yesterday and greeted him thrice, then came back, whereupon he said: Yes, we did hear you, but we were busy, but why did you not seek permission (further and you must have never gone back until you were permitted to do so).</span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> He said: I sought permission (in the manner) that I heard Allah’s Messenger (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) having said (in connection ‘with the seeking permission for entering the house of a stranger). Thereupon he (Hadarat Umar) said: By Allah, I shall torture your back and your stomach unless you bring one who may bear witness to what you state.’ </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> Ubaay b. Ka’ab said: By Allah, none should stand with you (to bear testimony) but the youngest amongst us. And he therefore, said to Abu Sa’id: Stand up. So I stood up until I came to Umar and said: I heard Allah’s Messenger (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) say this </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> Also in Surah An-Noor, it mentions: </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">فَإِن لَّمْ تَجِدُوا فِيهَا أَحَدًا فَلَا تَدْخُلُوهَا حَتَّى يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ وَإِن قِيلَ لَكُمُ ارْجِعُوا فَارْجِعُوا هُوَ أَزْكَى لَكُمْ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ</span></span></span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"> <i>If ye find no one in the house, enter not until permission is given to you: if ye are asked to go back, go back: that makes for greater purity for yourselves: and Allah knows well all that ye do. (24:28)</i> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> Minor etiquettes, such as this, have been abandoned, but need to be implemented once more. </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) had a great level of modesty. Even if things bothered him, he would not say anything and was patient with the people’s actions and behavior. It was Allah (swt) who spoke on behalf of His Prophet. </p>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-34289139245409684802007-03-07T17:56:00.000-08:002007-04-08T17:57:31.744-07:00Halaqah #12 - 3/7/07<p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> Verse 4: </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُنَادُونَكَ مِن وَرَاء الْحُجُرَاتِ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ</span></span></span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"> <i>Surely, those who shout out to thee from without the inner apartments - most of them lack understanding.</i> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"> <br /></p> <table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="8" cellspacing="0" width="666"> <col width="316"> <col width="316"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western"> Surely, verily </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">إِنَّ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western"> those who </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">الَّذِينَ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western"> call you </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">يُنَادُونَكَ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western"> from </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">مِن</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western"> behind, beyond </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">وَرَاء</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western"> the dwellings/rooms </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">الْحُجُرَاتِ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western"> most of them </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">أَكْثَرُهُمْ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western"> do not have sense </p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"> <span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">لَا يَعْقِلُونَ</span></span></span> </p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="justify"> The name of the surah is mentioned in this verse = <span lang="ar-SA"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="color:#000000;">الْحُجُرَاتِ </span></span></span></span> </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <span lang="ar-SA"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="color:#000000;">يُنَادُونَكَ</span></span></span> </span>= call, calls; you (this ‘you’ refers to Prophet Muhammad (sallahu aliahyi wa salaam)) </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <span lang="ar-SA"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="color:#000000;">الْحُجُرَاتِ</span></span></span> </span>= reference to the blessed rooms of Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> Al-Aqra' ibn Haabis reported that once he and a group of Bedouins had gone behind the Prophet's house and began shouting his name. They didn’t know which of the nine one-room apartments the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) was staying in so they went out behind the house and began calling out to the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). Although the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) didn’t approve of their manners, he stayed quiet. Then they shouted out,<i> “O Muhammad, verily, my praise is sweet and my curse is bitter.” </i>(Meaning for anyone to deserve our praise, it is good for him. And when we discredit someone, we ruin them). The Prophet then replied, <i>“Only Allah is like that.”</i> It is only when Allah praises someone, does that honor become worthy of praise. These Bedouins behavior was not intended to purposely disrespect the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) but was merely a part of their harsh manners which had evolved from their harsh desert life. Thereafter, this verse was revealed to reprimand them and to teach the Muslims how to deal with their leaders. </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> Shouting out to a Muslim leader from outside his residence shows disrespect for his person, his time, and his engagements. Yes, Muslim leaders should be readily accessible, BUT they should be approached respectfully and their right to privacy should be respected. This also applies for all Muslims when dealing with each other. If we want to visit or contact another Muslim, we should knock or ring the bell up to three times and if no reply after the third knock/ring, we should just leave. </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> In a statement of the Prophet (sallahu alaiyhi wa salaam) reported by the Sahaabee, Abu Sa’eed al-khudree, “If any of you seeks permission (to enter a house) and no permission is given, he should return (home).” </p> <p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 50%; margin-top: 0.19in; margin-bottom: 0.19in; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 0.16in;"> When Allah condemns an act, He always guides to the correct action thereafter. In this verse (verse four), Allah condemned the Bedouins who called out to the Prophet in such a manner. Following it, in verse five, Allah explained how to improve upon this characteristic by describing the appropriate behavior to have with the Prophet. </p>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-82334886741368638982007-02-28T14:08:00.000-08:002007-04-08T17:56:16.133-07:00Halaqah #11 - 2/28/07<p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">Verse 3:</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَغُضُّونَ أَصْوَاتَهُمْ عِندَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُوْلَئِكَ الَّذِينَ امْتَحَنَ اللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ لِلتَّقْوَى لَهُم مَّغْفِرَةٌ وَأَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ</span></span></span></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"><i>Surely, those that lower their voices in the presence of Allah's Messenger,- their hearts has Allah tested for piety: for them is Forgiveness and a great Reward.</i></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"><br /></p> <table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="8" cellspacing="0" width="666"> <col width="316"> <col width="316"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">Verily</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">إِنَّ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">those who</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">الَّذِينَ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">lower</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">يَغُضُّونَ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">their voices</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">أَصْوَاتَهُمْ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">in the presence of</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">عِندَ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">Messenger of Allah (peace by upon him)</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">رَسُولِ اللَّهِ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">They are</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">أُوْلَئِكَ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">the ones</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">الَّذِينَ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">has tested</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">امْتَحَنَ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">Allah</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">اللَّهُ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">their hearts</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">قُلُوبَهُمْ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">for piety</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">لِلتَّقْوَى</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">for them</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">لَهُم</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">(is) forgiveness</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">مَّغْفِرَةٌ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">And reward</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">وَأَجْرٌ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="316"> <p class="western">a great</p> </td> <td width="316"> <p class="western" align="right"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;font-size:130%;" ><span lang="ar-SA">عَظِيمٌ</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">In verse two, Allah (swt) scolds the Muslims for raising their voices and following after that, Allah offers them repentance if they lower their voices in the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) presence. They will have passed the test of piety which Allah (swt) has given them, thereby, earning His forgiveness and the reward of paradise.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">It is said that the verse may have be taken to refer to all who are tempted to commit acts of disobedience and choose to what is right. All such people have passes the test of Taqwaa and become eligible for forgiveness and its reward. The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) described this point by saying that, “Whoever intends to do a bad deed and chooses not to do it will have a good deed recorded for him.” This basically sums up the point that this life is a test; a choice between good and evil.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">Between verse two and three, the following four thing need to be learned:</p> <ol><li><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">One must not raise his/her voice over the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam), his grave, his Sunnah, and in the Masjid An-Nawabi.</p> </li><li><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">One must address the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) correctly</p> </li><li><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">Watch for those nullify ones actions</p> </li><li><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">One must be protective of one’s good deeds</p> </li></ol> <p class="western" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0in;">“<i>Let him who believes in Allah and the last day either speak good or be silent”</i></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">After this verse was revealed, it is said that Abu Bakr was never heard raising his voice when he was around the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). It came to the point that his voice was barely audible and one had to sit close to him in order to hear what he had to say. The Sahabah had learned their lesson and didn’t want to take any chances in hurting the Prophet (sallahu aliahyi wa salaam) or upsetting Allah. They couldn’t afford to have their deeds annulled.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">Ibn Abbas’ tafseer states that “Allah’s messenger” refers to his sunnah. Therefore if the believers have habits or ideas that are contrary to the Sunnah and is tested by being confronted by accurate 110hadith which proves these habits wrong, then he should lower his voice and submit to the truth. If he does this, then he will receive the high reward that Allah has promised. </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-19897259458726233342007-02-21T14:07:00.000-08:002007-03-01T14:08:08.441-08:00Halaqah #10 - 2/21/07No notes posted yetUm Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-59460612657266762102007-02-14T14:07:00.000-08:002007-04-08T17:54:21.213-07:00Halaqah #9 - 2/14/07<p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">What does sunnah mean?</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> -to mold, shape, prescribe, introduce, to enact, to establish, to pass a law</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> -linguistically, it means way, course, rule or manner of acting, path, conduct of life.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> -he who does sunnah initiates, starts, establishes a way or path</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> -we refer sunnah as tradition</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> -Islamically, it means a praiseworthy action</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">There are five categories of fiqh:</p> <ol><li><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><u>Fardh (obligatory):</u></b> An action, which incurs reward for one who does it sincerely seeking to follow the commandments of Allah while he who leaves it is deserving of punishment.</p> </li><li><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><u>Mandub( recommended):</u></b> An action, which incurs reward for one who does it sincerely seeking to follow the commandments of Allah, but is not punished for neglecting it.</p> </li><li><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><u>Mubah (Allowed):</u></b> An action which one is not rewarded for doing and is not punished for leaving.</p> </li><li><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><u>Makrooh (Disliked):</u></b> An action for which one is rewarded for not doing but is not punished for doing.</p> </li><li><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><u>Haram (Prohibited):</u></b> An action which incurs reward for one who does not do it sincerely seeking to follow the commandments of Allah but is deserving of punishment for doing it.</p> </li></ol> <iframe style="position: absolute; display: block; opacity: 0.7; z-index: 500; width: 17px; height: 21px; top: 148px; right: 487px;" src="http://www.google.com/notebook/static_files/blank.html" id="gnotes-notemagic" frameborder="0"></iframe>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-61065467134237991972007-02-07T14:05:00.000-08:002007-03-07T07:54:57.866-08:00Halaqah #8 - 2/7/07<p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">If someone came to you and asked if the Qur’an is the only guidance sent, what would you say?</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Cover more into this subject in next week’s class.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">“taqwa” = to fear, God-fearing, to guid, to bard, to shield, to avoid, to be conscious of Allah</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"> </span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Ali (radi allahu anha) defined “taqwa” as the fearing of the magnificent, the application of the revelation, and the preparation of departure.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Allah (swt) loves those who have taqwa. Taqwa is the fruit of many actions that Allah (swt) ordered us to do. Any good we do and any bad we avoid is getting greater taqwa.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">How much you are committed determines your taqwa.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">In Surah An-Nisaa’, the first ayat discusses about taqwa:</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُواْ رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَبَثَّ مِنْهُمَا رِجَالاً كَثِيراً وَنِسَاء <b><u>وَاتَّقُواْ</u></b> ا<b><u>للّهَ</u></b> الَّذِي تَسَاءلُونَ بِهِ وَالأَرْحَامَ إِنَّ اللّهَ كَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ رَقِيبًا</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>O mankind! reverence your Guardian-Lord, who created you from a single person, created, of like nature, His mate, and from them twain scattered (like seeds) countless men and women;- reverence Allah, through whom ye demand your mutual (rights), and (reverence) the wombs (That bore you): for Allah ever watches over you. (4:1)</i></span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">In order for us to have any order in life, we must have taqwa.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">illzam = forcement </span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"> weak</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">intizam = commitment </span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"> hard to do (more emphasis on this)</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Enforcement can not happen unless you have commitment.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">You must have commitment in order to have strong taqwa.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The first ayat in Surah Al-Hujurat starts with a commandment and ends with Allah is all hearing and all seeing for it is only the ocnsciousness of Allah that can create a real and lasting improvements of human habits.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">In Surah Al-Fath, surah 48, it ends with how to have proper etiquettes (don’t ruin the time with having bad etiquettes) and then it starts again in Surah Al-Hujurat with having proper etiquettes:</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">مُّحَمَّدٌ رَّسُولُ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّاء عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَمَاء بَيْنَهُمْ تَرَاهُمْ رُكَّعًا سُجَّدًا يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَانًا سِيمَاهُمْ فِي وُجُوهِهِم مِّنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ ذَلِكَ مَثَلُهُمْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَمَثَلُهُمْ فِي الْإِنجِيلِ كَزَرْعٍ أَخْرَجَ شَطْأَهُ فَآزَرَهُ فَاسْتَغْلَظَ فَاسْتَوَى عَلَى سُوقِهِ يُعْجِبُ الزُّرَّاعَ لِيَغِيظَ بِهِمُ الْكُفَّارَ وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ مِنْهُم مَّغْفِرَةً وَأَجْرًا عَظِيمًا</span></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>Muhammad is the messenger of Allah; and those who are with him are strong against Unbelievers, (but) compassionate amongst each other. Thou wilt see them bow and prostrate themselves (in prayer), seeking Grace from Allah and (His) Good Pleasure. On their faces are their marks, (being) the traces of their prostration. This is their similitude in the Taurat; and their similitude in the Gospel is: like a seed which sends forth its blade, then makes it strong; it then becomes thick, and it stands on its own stem, (filling) the sowers with wonder and delight. As a result, it fills the Unbelievers with rage at them. Allah has promised those among them who believe and do righteous deeds forgiveness, and a great Reward. (48:29)</i></span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Someone that is bankrupt is someone that lacks their prayer.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Hasan al-Basri was informed that someone was backbiting him. Hasan sent a plate full of sweets to his backbiter with the following message: "I have heard that you were giving me your rewards. That is why I am sending you these sweets to thank you!" They told Imam Azam Abu Hanifa, that someone was backbiting him. Imam Azam sent a bag of gold coins to the backbiter and said, "If he increases the rewards that he is giving to us, we will likewise increase our gift of gold!" If ill talk is a lie and slander, it will harm the person who originates it. One who is slandered should think and comfort himself by saying to himself, "His rewards will be given to me and my sins will be given to him." Slandering and carrying words between Muslims is worse than backbiting. </span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Allah (swt) and Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) have described how to deal with others.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The event that triggered the first ayat of Surah Al-Hujurat: This verse was revealed when Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi was salaam) received the delegation of Banu Tameem. During the delegation, the he explained to them the meaning and the obligations of Islam and accepted their allegiance. Prophet Muhammad (sallahu aliahyi wa salaam) deciding who should be the leader. Abu Bakr gave his suggestions to Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam), but Umar stood up and protested since he thought he was a better candidate. Abu Bakr assumed Umar spoke up to contradict him. Abu Bakr became upset and the two argused to the point that their voices became louder than that of the Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). Allah responded on behalf of him, ordering them to neither be hasty or to interrupt Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam).</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">According to Ibn Aldurabi, the first ayat is in reference to five things. According to the Qurtada, some people used to say that we wish Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) would reveal such and such ayat…etc. Qurtada said don’t worry and hence the first ayat of Surah Al-Hujuraat was revealed.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">According to Hasan al-Basri, this ayat was revealed in reference regarding some people that slaughtered the Eid meat before the eid salah.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">According to Ibn Juraid, this ayat was revealed in reference to when the believers are not to worship the times until Allah (swt) and Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). Example: Don’t pray zuhr before zuhr time.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">According to Ibn Abbas, this ayat came to prohibit speaking before Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) does.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">According to Ibn Aldurabi and Mujaideh, this verse came in reference to when there is a judgment to make, don’t up your own opinions.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The Qur’an is the judgement of Allah (swt) and the Sunnah is the rulings of Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam), hence why you can not come up with your own opinion.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The message in this verse is that Allah (swt) knows best in all of our affairs. Allah (swt) mentions numerous times “Allahy ya’lamu wa antum la ta’lamoon.” (Allah knows and you do not know). And when you are not sure, always say ‘waallahu alim’ (Only Allah knows best). Allah (swt) knows the mankind better than we know because he is the Creator of this world. When the Qur’an is being recited, we as Muslims are commanded to listen to it very carefully:</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُواْ لَهُ وَأَنصِتُواْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>When the Qur'an is read, listen to it with attention, and hold your peace: that ye may receive Mercy</i>. <i>(7:204)</i></span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) is represented by his sunnah, therefore it is incumbent upon us to listen to his traditions by following the sunnah, commands, and prohibition. </span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Verse 2:</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَرْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ وَلَا تَجْهَرُوا لَهُ بِالْقَوْلِ كَجَهْرِ بَعْضِكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ أَن تَحْبَطَ أَعْمَالُكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تَشْعُرُونَ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>O believes! Raise not your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor speak aloud to him in talk, as ye may speak aloud to one another, lest your deeds become vain and ye perceive not.</i></span><br /></p> <a name="0.1_table03"></a> <div align="left"> <ul><ul><table border="2" cellspacing="0" width="0"> <tbody><tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">O you</span></td> <td width="50%"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">يَا أَيُّهَا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">who</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">الَّذِينَ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">believe</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">آمَنُوا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Do not raise</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">لَا تَرْفَعُوا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">your voices</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">َ أَصْوَاتَكُمْ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">above</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">فَوْقَ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">the voice (of)</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">صَوْتِ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The Prophet</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">النَّبِيِّ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">and do not</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">وَلَا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">speak loud/to declare publicly/announce/to raise</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">تَجْهَرُوا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">to him</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">لَهُ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">in talk</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">بِالْقَوْلِ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">as you speak loud</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">كَجَهْرِ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">some of you/portion</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">بَعْضِكُمْ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">to others</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">لِبَعْضٍ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">lest</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">أَن</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">May be rendered fruitless</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">تَحْبَطَ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">your deeds</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">أَعْمَالُكُمْ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">and (while) you</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">وَأَنتُمْ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">not</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">لَا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">perceive</span></td> <td><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">تَشْعُرُونَ</span></td></tr> </tbody></table></ul></ul> </div> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Ya Ayuladina </span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"> O Who you believe…</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Latarr fa’auu </span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"> it’s a prohibition</span></p> <p> <span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">-root word = rafa’ = to lift or elevate</span></p> <p> <span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">-fa’uu = above or over</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Rasul = Messenger</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Nabi = Prophet</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">By default, every Rasul is a Nabi, but every Nabi is not a Rasul</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">According to the hadith there are 124,000 Prophets and 318 Messengers.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">This verse was revealed to teach a lesson to the sahabah. It was narrated by the Sahaabee, Ibn az-Zubayr: “When a delegation from Banu Tameem, (the Tameem Tribe) came to the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi was salaam), Abu Bakr suggested to the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) that al-Qa’qaa ib Ma’bad be sent to meet them and Umar ibn Al-Khattaab suggested that al-‘Aqra ibn Qays be sent instead. Abu Bakr was irritated by Umar’s counter proposal so he turned to Umar and said, “You only said that to contradict me.” Umar in turn replied that he did not do it to be contrary. A quarrel ensued in which both of these great companions raised their voices to such a level that the Prophet’s voice was drowned out. Allah then revealed the verse, “O Believers do not raise your voices over that of the Prophet’s.”</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">When the two companions were arguing with each other, they missed a very important golden rule, which is to leave all matters to Allah and His Messenger. If they had referred to their disagreement back to the Qur’an and the sunnah, their dispute would have been solved.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">To raise one’s voice over that of the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) is haram and could nullify a person’s good deeds.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">While in a disagreement, it tends to lead someone angry. And anger can lead to all kinds of disliked acts. Anger can fall under the category of haram, halal, makrook, and mubah because it all depends on the situation. But we should all try to control our anger. Lack of control implies weakness and basically you are in a weak state. Prophet (sallahu aliahyi wa salaam) advised the Muslims to avoid getting angry and using bad language during discussion. He mentioned that the signs of a hypocrite are four and anyone who possesses one of them possesses a characteristic of Nifaaq (hypocrisy) until he abandons it: When he is entrusted he be betrays his trust, when he talks he lies, when he makes a promise he breaks it, and when he quarrels he uses foul words.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Be careful what you say. One has to be careful what you say, deal, etc. There are four things to think before you say something:</span></p> <ol type="1"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Is it true?</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Is it important or necessary?</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Is there any benefit from it?</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Is it kind?</span></li></ol> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">So say good things or just keep silent.</span><br /><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">What happened after this verse?</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">When this verse was revealed to the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam), he recited it to the Saahaba who were around him, and among the crowd was Thaabit ibn Qays. Thaabit assumed that it might have been aimed to towards him because he was noted for his loud voice. Thaabit left from the group and went home in grief believeing that he was destined for the hell fire. When he went home, he told his wife to shut the bedroom door. Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) noticed his absences and asked one of the companions to find out what had happened. When the companion returned with his report on Thaabit, the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) assured Thaabit that he would be among the people of Paradise. This shows a great example that we tend to forget these days. The point is that the Saahaba used to reflect the meaning of the Qur’anic verses and apply the verses to themselves wherever they appeared appropriate. To them, these verses were instructions and messages which were to be acted upon and not merely memorized, hence why it is really important to understand what we recite while we are reading the Qur’an.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">This rule, regarding to raise one’s voice over that of the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) is also applied when visiting the grave of the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). This ayat is even written over the Prophet’s (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) grave.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">During the time of the Umar (radiallahu anha), he once heard two men raising their voices in the Prophet’s (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) mosque. He asked them<b>, “Do you realize where you are?” But before they could answer he asked them, “Where are you both form?” They answered from Ta’f. He replied by saying, “If you had said you were from Madinah, I would have given you both a severe lashing for raising your voices in the masjid of Allah’s messenger.”</b></span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">This rule applies to the sunnah of the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) where one should not speak about something when the Prophet’s opinion and verdict is being recited. When the hadith is being read, one should be quiet and listen with a full concentration.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Once example with the companions, Abdulah ibn Umar, depicts how strict and passionate he was with the sayings of the Prophet (sallahu alaiyhi wa salaam). When Abdullah bin Umar heard his son’s statement when the Prophet did not prohibit it.” Salim started to explain why he state his opinion, when his father aid, “Do not ever talk to me again.” In some narrations, it is stated that he died without talking to his son.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Imam Shafi said “There is no one among us (scholars) who has not had a sunnah of Allah’s messenger elude him or slip his mind; so no matter what ruling I have made or fundamentals I have established, there will be in them things contrary to some of the rulings of Allah’s messenger, But the correct ruling is according to what Allah’s messenger said and that is my ruling.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Imam Malik said, “Surely I am only a man. I make errors and am at times correct; so thoroughly investigate my opinions, then take whatever agrees with the book (Qur’an) and the Sunnah, and reject whatever contradicts them.”</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">In Surah Al-Ahzaab, is mentions that the only statement that is taken is that of the Prophet’s (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). Anyone else’s opinion must be verified and researched before even being considered:</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَلَا مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمْرًا أَن يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ وَمَن يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَالًا مُّبِينًا</span></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>It is not fitting for a Believer, man or woman, when a matter has been decided by Allah and His Messenger to have any option about their decision: if any one disobeys Allah and His Messenger, he is indeed on a clearly wrong Path. (33:36)</i></span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">We should also note that the raising of voices in general is looked as a sign of bad character and ill mannered in Islam. Luqman compared the loud voice to a donkey by saying that “Lower your voice, (my son) for verily, the most detestable voice is the braying of a donkey.”</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">According to the scholars, another lesson we should learn from this is that people should not raise our voices over the voice of the leaders of the community, since that was the standing of the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) among his community.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Allah then warns at the end of the verse that the result of being disrespectful to His Messenger (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) and his Sunnah is a drastic devaluation of good deeds without the person being aware of it. The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) reiterated this point by saying, “A man may inadvertently speak a word pleasing to Allah because of which Paradise is destined for him, and another may recklessly speak a word displeasing to Allah because of which he will be cast in the hellfire further than the distance between heaven and earth.”</span></p>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-15867738917204829632007-01-31T22:54:00.000-08:002007-02-21T14:07:09.820-08:00Halaqah #7 - 1/31/07<p align="justify"><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >List of events that happened during the first 11 years after migration to Madinah:</span></p> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >1<sup>st</sup> year of Hijarah = Migration to Madinah</span></p> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >2<sup>nd</sup> year of Hijarah = Month of Ramadan was ordained and Battle of Badr took place</span></p> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >3<sup>rd</sup> year of Hijarah = Battle of Uhud took place</span></p> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >4<sup>th</sup> year of Hijarah = </span></p> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >5<sup>th</sup> year of Hijarah = Ahzab</span></p> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >6<sup>th</sup> year of Hijarah = Hudaiybah</span></p> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >7<sup>th</sup> year of Hijarah = Abyssinians, the Arabs, Abu Huhariah came back. Prophet</span></p> <ul><ul><ul><p align="justify"><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" > Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) attempted to make Umraah.</span></p></ul></ul></ul> <ul><ul><ul><p align="justify"><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" > Khalid ibn Waleed became Muslim.</span></p></ul></ul></ul> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >8<sup>th</sup> year of Hijarah = The Quraish broke the treaty</span></p> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >9<sup>th</sup> year of Hijrarh = Year of Delegations</span></p> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >10<sup>th</sup> year of Hijarh = Hajj at-Wada</span></p> <p align="justify"> <span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >11<sup>th</sup> year of Hijrah = Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) died.</span><br /></p> <p align="justify"><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Surah Al-Hujuraat contains aklaaq and adaab</span></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Aklaaq is the plural form of khuluq</span></li><ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Khuluq refers to conduct, moral values, character, pattern of behaviors</span></li></ul><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Aklaaq is something natural, you are born with it, acquired through concession (tarbiyyah) or habit.</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Adaab is fine etiquettes (always positive)</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >You either have a bad or good khuluq</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Examples of aklaaq: haa’yah, modesty, honesty, integrity, sabr, love, devotion, loyalty, and courage</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Examples of adaab: showing respect to elders, how you converse with others</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Khuluq is the foundation of adaab.</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >It was reported in a Saheeh Hadith that he told a man who was eating with his left hand in his presence, “Eat with your right hand!” The man said, “I cannot.” He said, “May you never be able to!” – and the man never lifted his right hand to his mouth after that. Narrated by Muslim. It was the man’s stubborn arrogance that made him refuse to obey the command, and this utmost disobedience which deserved this prayer against him.</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >To have proper adaab, we need to fix our aklaaq.</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >This Surah puts emphasis on aklaaq!!</span></li><ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >By product of a sound system, a proper belief system (Aqeedah)</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Aklaaq is usually emphasized in Aqeedah courses</span></li></ul><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >The Shahaabah learned proper etiquettes through the actions of Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). If not actions, then words which was given by Allah (swt). </span></li></ul><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><p align="justify"><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >The Bismillah:</span></p> <p align="center"><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" ><i>In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.</i></span><br /></p> <a name="0.1_table01"></a> <div align="left"> <ul><table border="2" cellspacing="0" width="0"> <tbody><tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >By, in, with</span></td> <td width="50%"><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >بِسْمِ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Allah</span></td> <td><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >اللهِ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Most Merciful, Most Gracious</span></td> <td><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >الرَّحْمنِ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Ever Merciful</span></td> <td><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >الرَّحِيمِ</span></td></tr> </tbody></table></ul> </div><br /><p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Should always say ‘Bismillah’ if you hurt yourself.</span><br /></p> <p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Ar-Rahman and Ar-Rahim are one of the name of Allah. Ar-Rahman has more emphasis, is stronger in meaning.</span><br /></p> <p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Opinions of whether Bismillah is part of the Surah or not:</span></p> <ol type="1"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Considered as an independent verse that was revealed by itself. Used in every Surah, except Surah Tawbah.</span></li><ol type="a"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >In these two narrations both Allah and his Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) began Surah Al-Fatiha with the phrase, “Al-Hamudulillaahi…” completed deleting the Bismillah and clearly indicating that “Al-Hamdu…” is the first verse of the Surah and not the Bismillah</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (radi allahu anhu) from the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam), who said that Allah said: I have divided prayer between Myself and My servant into two halves, and My servant shall have what he has asked for. When the servant says: Al-hamdu lillahi rabbi l-alamin (3), Allah (mighty and sublime be He) says: My servant has praised Me. And when he says: Ar-rahmani r-rahim (4), Allah (mighty and sublime be He) says: My servant has extolled Me, and when he says: Maliki yawmi d-din (5), Allah says: My servant has glorified Me - and on one occasion He said: My servant has submitted to My power. And when he says: Iyyaka na budu wa iyyaka nasta in (6), He says: This is between Me and My servant, and My servant shall have what he has asked for. And when he says: Ihdina s-sirata l- mustaqim, siratal ladhina an amta alayhim ghayril-maghdubi alayhim wa la d-dallin (7), He says: This is for My servant, and My servant shall have what he has asked for.</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Majority of the scholars agree that Bimillah is an independent verse and not part of Surah Al-Fatiha.</span></li></ol></ol><br /><ol start="2" type="1"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >It is part of the Surah</span></li></ol><br /><ol start="3" type="1"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Only part of it or the first verse of Surah Al-Fatiha</span></li><ol type="a"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Makkan and Qufa </span><span style=";font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;" >à</span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" > Its part of Surah Al-Fatiha and other surahs</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Madinah, Basra, and Shams </span><span style=";font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;" >à</span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" > Did not consider it as part of the Surah</span></li></ol><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Not a verse that belongs in the Surah, only used to stop or break the next surah</span></li></ol><br /><p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >If verbal and action contradicts with what Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam), the verbal statement takes precedent…actions could have been explained for differing reasons.</span><br /></p> <p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Verse 1:</span></p> <p align="center"><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا<b><u> </u></b> لَا تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" ><i>O believers! Put not yourselves forward before Allah and His Messenger; but fear Allah: for Allah is He Who hears and knows all things. </i></span><br /></p> <a name="0.1_table02"></a> <div align="left"> <ul><table border="2" cellspacing="0" width="0"> <tbody><tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >O</span></td> <td width="50%"><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >يَا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >You</span></td> <td><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >أَيُّهَا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Who, those</span></td> <td><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >الَّذِينَ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Believe</span></td> <td><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >آمَنُوا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Do not</span></td> <td><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >لَا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Put forward/advance</span></td> <td><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >تُقَدِّمُوا</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Between the two ends/Before Allah and his Messenger (saw) presence</span></td> <td><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >بَيْنَ يَدَيِ</span></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Allah</span></td> <td><span style=";font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;" >اللَّهِ</span></td></tr> </tbody></table></ul> </div><br /><p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >The most repeated phrase in the Qur’an is “Ya ayyul aldina amanu” = “O Believers.” Anytime this phrase is read we must pay great attention and listen to it carefully for it is Allah calling upon the Muslims. What follows afterwards is either a commandment that Allah is commanding the Muslims to fulfill, or a prohibition for the Muslims to stay away from.</span><br /></p> <p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Aladhi </span><span style=";font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;" >à</span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" > those, it connects to the next word, added for emphasis</span><br /></p> <p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >The call went to the Shahaabah.</span><br /></p> <p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >If ‘la’ comes after ‘Ya ayyul aladina amaanu’ </span><span style=";font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;" >à</span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" > it is considered Probation</span></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Means no, not, nay, etc…</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Two types</span></li><ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Nafi’a </span><span style=";font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;" >à</span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" > probation and negation </span><span style=";font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;" >à</span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" > negating does not exist</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Nadi’a </span><span style=";font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;" >à</span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" > probation and negation </span><span style=";font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;" >à</span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" > negation that does exist</span></li></ul></ul><br /><p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Allah (swt) is warning the Shahaabah about something present and in the future.</span><br /></p> <p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Tu qadi mu = to precede, to arrive, to come, to get, to reach, to offer, to bring before, sending forward, presenting, advance</span></p>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-58758116336758794792007-01-24T22:09:00.000-08:002007-02-04T22:12:58.258-08:00Halaqah #6 - 1/24/07<p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Final Exam </span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"> May 9<sup>th</sup>, 2007</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Break </span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"> April 4<sup>th</sup>, 1007</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Why are some surahs called Makki Surahs?</span></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Because they were revealed in Makkah</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Because they were revealed prior to the hijarah</span></li></ul> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Why are some surahs called MadaniSurahs?</span></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Because they were revealed in Madinah</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Because they were revealed after the hijarah</span></li></ul> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The difference in styles of Makki and Madani surahs is due to the conditions, circumstances, and addresses of the respective times. During the Makkan period, Muslims had to deal with idolaters of Arabia. As a result, emphasis was laid on correction of beliefs, morals, refutation of idolaters and the miracle of the Qur’an itself. During the Madani period, an Islamic state had been established. So therefore, great attention was paid to injunctions, laws, limits, and duties as well as refutation of the people of the Book.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Surah Al-Hujuraat discusses about manners and actions, especially for those that hold leadership in da’wah efforts.</span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">It is mentioned FIVE times in Surah Al-Hujuraat ‘O Believers..”, which we as believers need to pay great attention to them:</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;"><b><u>يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا </u></b> لَا تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><b><i><u>O believers</u></i></b><i>! Put not yourselves forward before Allah and His Messenger; but fear Allah: for Allah is He Who hears and knows all things. (49:1)</i></span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;"><b><u>يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا</u></b> لَا تَرْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ وَلَا تَجْهَرُوا لَهُ بِالْقَوْلِ كَجَهْرِ بَعْضِكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ أَن تَحْبَطَ أَعْمَالُكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تَشْعُرُونَ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><b><i><u>O believers</u></i></b><i>! Raise not your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor speak aloud to him in talk, as ye may speak aloud to one another, lest your deeds become vain and ye perceive not. (49:2)</i></span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;"><b><u>يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا</u></b> إِن جَاءكُمْ فَاسِقٌ بِنَبَأٍ فَتَبَيَّنُوا أَن تُصِيبُوا قَوْمًا بِجَهَالَةٍ فَتُصْبِحُوا عَلَى مَا فَعَلْتُمْ نَادِمِينَ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><b><i><u>O believers</u></i></b><i>! If a wicked person comes to you with any news, ascertain the truth, lest ye harm people unwittingly, and afterwards become full of repentance for what ye have done. (49:6)</i></span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;"><b><u>يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا</u></b> لَا يَسْخَرْ قَومٌ مِّن قَوْمٍ عَسَى أَن يَكُونُوا خَيْرًا مِّنْهُمْ وَلَا نِسَاء مِّن نِّسَاء عَسَى أَن يَكُنَّ خَيْرًا مِّنْهُنَّ وَلَا تَلْمِزُوا أَنفُسَكُمْ وَلَا تَنَابَزُوا بِالْأَلْقَابِ بِئْسَ الاِسْمُ الْفُسُوقُ بَعْدَ الْإِيمَانِ وَمَن لَّمْ يَتُبْ فَأُوْلَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><b><i><u>O believers</u></i></b><i>! Let not some men among you laugh at others: It may be that the (latter) are better than the (former): Nor let some women laugh at others: It may be that the (latter are better than the (former): Nor defame nor be sarcastic to each other, nor call each other by (offensive) nicknames: Ill-seeming is a name connoting wickedness, (to be used of one) after he has believed: And those who do not desist are (indeed) doing wrong. (49:11)</i></span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;"><b><u>يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا </u></b> اجْتَنِبُوا كَثِيراً مِّنَ الظَّنِّ إِنَّ بَعْضَ الظَّنِّ إِثْمٌ وَلَا تَجَسَّسُوا وَلَا يَغْتَب بَّعْضُكُم بَعْضًا أَيُحِبُّ أَحَدُكُمْ </span></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">أَن يَأْكُلَ لَحْمَ أَخِيهِ مَيْتًا فَكَرِهْتُمُوهُ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَوَّابٌ رَّحِيمٌ</span></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><b><i><u>O believers</u></i></b><i>! Avoid suspicion as much (as possible): for suspicion in some cases is a sin: And spy not on each other behind their backs. Would any of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? Nay, ye would abhor it...But fear Allah: For Allah is Oft-Returning, Most Merciful. (49:12)</i></span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">It is mentioned once in Surah Al-Hujuraat ‘O Mankind..”, which we as a whole mankind need to pay great attention to:</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;"><b><u>يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ </u></b> إِنَّا خَلَقْنَاكُم مِّن ذَكَرٍ وَأُنثَى وَجَعَلْنَاكُمْ شُعُوبًا وَقَبَائِلَ لِتَعَارَفُوا إِنَّ أَكْرَمَكُمْ عِندَ اللَّهِ أَتْقَاكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><b><i><u>O mankind</u></i></b><i>! We created you from a single (pair) of a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that ye may know each other (not that ye may despise (each other). Verily the most honoured of you in the sight of Allah is (he who is) the most righteous of you. And Allah has full knowledge and is well acquainted (with all things). (49:13)</i></span><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">What does <i>Hujuraat </i> mean?</span></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Hujuraat is the plural form <i>Hujrah</i>, which means “room.” So <i>hujuraat</i> means “rooms.”</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">It is only mentioned once in the Qur’an </span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"> Ayat 4</span></li></ul> <br /><p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُنَادُونَكَ مِن وَرَاء <u>الْحُجُرَاتِ</u> أَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>Those who shout out to thee from without the inner apartments - most of them lack understanding. (4)</i></span><br /></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The name refers to the one-room houses of the Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). There were nine rooms in his house, one for each of his wives. Each room was so small, basically enough to bury three people.</span></li></ul> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">How were the surahs named?</span></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Majority of the titles of the surahs were chosen by the Sahaabah and scholars of later generations for identification purposes.</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Some of the surahs were named by Allah (swt) or by Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam)</span></li></ul> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">How Surah Al-Hujuraat was revealed?</span></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Revealed in Madinah in the 9<sup>th</sup> year after the Hijrah</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Focuses on societal laws</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Even though it was revealed after Surah Al-Mujadala, the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) ordered that it be placed after Surah Al-Fath.</span></li></ul> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Background of the Surah Al-Hujuraat:</span></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">After the conquest of Makkah (8<sup>th</sup> year after the Hijrah), delegations or “wafd” or “wufood,” used to come to Madinah to accept Islam or have dialogues with Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). Because of this, the 9<sup>th</sup> year became known as “The Year of the Delegations.” But these chiefs of the tribes were rude in dealing with Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alllahu alaihyi wa salaam). Because of their rudeness and manners, Allah revealed Surah Al-Hujuraat “to lay down a general code of behavior and a set of moral ideals for Muslims as well as all mankind”</span></li><li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">“This code represents the foundation essential for the formation of any truly Muslim community or the establishment of any Muslim movement for social change.”</span></li></ul> <br /><p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">The Qur’an must be recited with tajweed. Angel Jibrael recited the Qur’an with tajweed to the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). </span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Traditional Arabic;font-size:180%;">بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><i>In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.</i></span><br /></p> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">Should always recite ‘Bismillah’ with tajweed. The meaning of ‘bismillah’ depends on the action you do afterwards (you basically say it to initiate the action). Should always recite ‘Bismillah’ before starting anything, so you can get the blessings for it.</span><br /></p> <span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;">For next week, read up to pg. 53. For the following week, read up to pg. 57.</span>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-40748376497593947482007-01-17T22:26:00.000-08:002007-01-23T22:28:01.694-08:00Halaqah #5 - 1/17/07A 4 page handout on the characteristics of the students of knowledge was handed out during this class.Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-51546588151909911052006-12-18T10:48:00.000-08:002007-01-05T10:50:45.681-08:00Halaqah #4 - 12/18/06<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 102, 0);font-family:georgia;" ><span style="color: rgb(102, 255, 255);">------------------- </span></span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" ><span style="color: rgb(102, 255, 255);">Samina's Notes </span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 102, 0);font-family:georgia;" ><span style="color: rgb(102, 255, 255);">-------------------<br /><br /></span></span></div><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Schedule for next couple weeks:</span> <ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >No Class for the next two weeks. Will resume back on Monday, January 8<sup>th</sup>. Possibly a quiz will be given </span><span style=";font-family:Wingdings;font-size:100%;" >J</span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >! Will start the tafseer of Surah Al-Hujuraat on Wednesday, January 17<sup>th</sup> with the brothers as well.</span></li></ul><br /><p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >There are three schools or centers of tafseer:</span></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Makkah</span></li><ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbaas</span></li><ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >He was the most popular among the Shahabah in terms of tafseer.</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) made du’a for him: “O Allah, give him a deep understanding of the religion and make him skilled in interpretation.”</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) gave him the title “Turjumaan al-Qur’an” (Translator of the Qur’an)</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Some famous students of his were Mujaahid ibn Jabr, ‘Ikrimah, Sa’eed ibn Jubayr, Taawoos ibn Keesaan al-Yamaanee, and ‘Ataa ibn Abee Rabaah.</span></li></ul></ul></ul><br /><ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Madinah</span></li><ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Ubayy ibn Ka’b</span></li><ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Came to Mecca to accept Islam</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >One of the first official writers for Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam)</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >He was considered as the best qari* (reciter) of all according to the Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam). The Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) was reported to have said to him, “Verily Allah, the most Great and Glorious has commanded me to recite to you, “Lam yakunilladheena kafaroo,” (Surah Bayyinah). When Ubayy asked if Allah had mentioned his name to him, the Prophet (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) answered in the affirmative and Ubayy wept.</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Became the official leader of taraweeh prayer.</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Some of his famous students of his were Zayd ibn Aslam, Abul-‘Aaliyah, and Muhammad ibn Ka’b al Quradhee.</span></li></ul></ul></ul><br /><p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" ><i>*’Qari’ back then meant having the knowledge of the Quran, not the way of reciting, like these days.</i></span><br /></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Iraq</span></li><ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Ibn Mas’ood</span></li><ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >One of the earliest people to accept Islam (considered one of the first six that accepted Islam)</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >One of the first to recite the Qur’an in the public</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >One of the first to perform hijarah to Madinah from Absenyia </span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >One of the participants in Battle of Badr. He played a role in all of the Battle</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >He was really thin and small, but his legs are a lot heavier, more heavier than Mount Uhud</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >He learned 70 surahs from the mouth of Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam)</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >There is not a verse in the Qur’an where he does not know and the revelation of it.</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Some of his famous students were al-Hasan al-Basree, ‘Alqama ibn Qays, Masrooq, al-Aswad ibn Yazeed, and ‘Aamir ash-Sha’bee.</span></li></ul></ul></ul><br /><p><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >There are five methods of tafseer that were used by the Mufasareen:</span></p> <ul type="disc"><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >To interpret the Qur’an using the Qur’an</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >To interpret the Qur’an using Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) (the sunnah)</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >To interpret the Qur’an using the opinion of the companions (the Sahaabah)</span></li><li><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >To interpret the Qur’an using Arabic</span></li></ul>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com12tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-7401256107723072692006-12-11T21:58:00.000-08:002006-12-19T23:09:58.805-08:00Halaqah #3 - 12/11/06<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 102, 0);font-family:georgia;" ><span style="color: rgb(102, 255, 255);">------------------- </span></span><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" ><span style="color: rgb(102, 255, 255);">Samina's Notes </span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 102, 0);font-family:georgia;" ><span style="color: rgb(102, 255, 255);">-------------------</span></span><br /></div><span style=";font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" ><br />Someone to master in 10 qirats is like earning a PhD.</span><br /><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">The excellence of memorizing the Qur’an and the excellence of teaching it: <i>The Messenger of Allah (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) said: “The best amongst you is the one who learns the Qur’an and teaches it.” (Bukhari)</i></span><br /></p> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Tafseer means explanation or interpretation, understanding and extracting the rules.</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Reasons why the saabahah are reliable sources:</span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Circumstances</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Direct interaction</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Arabic</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Direct students of Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) </span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Knowing the practices and customs of the Arabic nations</span></li></ul><br /><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Ishhtihahd = a scientific method of extrapolating the meaning.</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Ta’week and Tafseer are synonyms. They are similar in meanings. Four different thoughts: </span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Tafseer is used for interpretation one meaning and one word whereas ta’weel is where there are many connotations all put into one (deeper meaning). </span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Tafseer is certain for any reason but for ishithad, it is ta’weel. Tafseer is the explanation of the verse whereas ta’weel is the actual intent of the meaning. </span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Tafseer is the explanation of the verse whereas ta’weel is the actual intent of the meaning.</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Tafseer is meant to give a breakdown of the meaning (meaning of each word) whereas ta’weel gives the general meaning.</span></li></ul><br /><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Different kinds of tafseer:</span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Tafseer Ruwayat </span><span style="font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-size:100%;"> based on narrations or transmit</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Ma’thour </span><span style="font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-size:100%;"> based on hadith or text from Qur’an and sunnah and companions of the Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam).</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Bi’raai </span><span style="font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-size:100%;"> based on hadith or text from Qur’an and sunnah and companions of the Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) and a person’s knowledge</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Bisharahi </span><span style="font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-size:100%;"> indications or sign (the hidden meaning)</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Analytical (this is the one we will focus on)</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Mix and match</span></li></ul><br /><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Israeliyte are of 3 types:</span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">That which contradicts with the Qur’an (should shred it)</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">That which is confirmed in the Qur’an</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">That which is neither accepted or contradicts</span></li></ul><br /><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Characteristics of Mufassir (person who gives/teaches the tafseer)</span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Must have ikhlaas</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Must have correct aqeedah</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Free of any belief in innovations</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Must have respect for the Qur’an</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Someone with good character</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Follow the proper methodology of he Qur’an</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Well versed in Arabic with grammar and morphology</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Knowledge of the qiraat</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Knowledge of usool of fiqh and know faqih</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Know the context of revelation</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Know hadiths and the authenticity of it</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Know the branches of the uloom of the Qur’an</span></li></ul><span style=";font-family:georgia;font-size:100%;" >Recommended books for Tafseer:</span> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Sahih Internation</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Ibn Khathir (the abridge version) (<a href="http://tafsir.com/" target="_blank">tafsir.com</a> has it)</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Attabaryi (the first comprehensive tafseer)</span></li></ul><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 102, 0);font-family:georgia;" ><span style="color: rgb(102, 255, 255);">------------------- </span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 102, 0);font-family:georgia;" ><span style="color: rgb(102, 255, 255);">Annan's Notes -------------------</span></span><br /></div><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-family:georgia;font-size:100%;" ><br />Tafsir Surat Hujrat </span> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Sh. Mohamad Faqih</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Biography: Shaykha Om Saad Bint Mohamad Ali Najmi (rahim allah aleha)</span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Was one of the last top four scholars of our century</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Held the shortest isnad (chain) to the Prophet, 27 persons</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Any student of Qira’ of any style was a student of her student in Alexandria</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Lost her eyesight at age 2</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Memorized Quran at age 15</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">She studied under Shaykha Nafisah</span></li></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><ul><p><span style="font-size:100%;">Shaykha Nafisa disliked teaching girls and told her I don’t teach girls because once they are married they do not spread their knowledge. She told her if she wanted to become her student she could not get married. Shaykha Om Saad took an oath not to get married.</span></p></ul></ul> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Ahmed Muelah (now a scholar) was a student of Om Saad</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Students of hers continued to propose to her. Two of her students proposed and she declined. Her father encouraged her to break her oath and she was going to marry the second student who proposed, but the first student felt he should gain the honor because he was more learned having mastered the 10 Qirat, which is equal to a Phd. They married and were even more active in teaching others the Quran.</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Shaykh Mohamad Ismail, Salafi School, dedicated a lecture Om Saad’s life highlighting her role and contribution as a Muslimah.</span></li></ul><span style="font-family:georgia;"> </span><br /><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Value of Teaching Quran: </span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">One of the few hadiths narrated by Uthman (raw)</span></li></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><ul><p><span style="font-size:100%;">The best among you are those who learn the Quran and teach it</span></p></ul></ul> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Story- There was once a teacher who taught children and was very dedicated. A student asked him why he was so dedicated and he shared the following story: </span></li></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><ul><p><span style="font-size:100%;">He was walking through the forest when he came across a body that was floating due to a flood. He was near an ancient gravesite about 100 years old that was no longer in use. He was amazed by how fresh and entact the body was and wondered who this person could be? A Sahaby? A righteous person? He buried the man and wanted to know what had gained this man this status. He prayed two rakats to Allah swt to see the deed of this man. In a dream he saw this man alive and received the answer that the deed was: dedication of ones life to the Quran.</span></p></ul></ul> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Tafsir = </span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">interpretation, explanation, contributes to a proper understanding of the Quran with the ability to extract rulings</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;"><i>fasara</i></span></li></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><ol type="a"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">uncover, unveil</span></li></ol><ol start="2" type="a"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">explain interpret</span></li></ol></ul> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">exegesis, exegeses (p): English word for tafsir</span></li></ul> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">During the Companions (radayallahu anhumah) time, the source of tafsir was the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) himself. Scholars differ on whether Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) interpreted the whole Quran</span></li></ul> <ol type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Ibn Taymiya holds the opinion that the Prophet explained every aya</span></li></ol> <ol start="2" type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Asuyuti holds the opinion that the Prophet only interpreted small portions when necessary</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Both opinions are correct when understanding that the Prophet embodied the Quran through his character. The Quranic ayas which needed explanation where explained, while the ayas with a clear and obvious meaning did not need further explanation.</span></li></ol> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><ul><p><span style="font-size:100%;">Ex) Aqeem al-Salah: which does not mean just to pray, but rather to establish prayer. Prayer cannot be achieved without looking at tafsir, an explanation of the sunnah</span><br /></p></ul></ul> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Four Sources of Tafsir </span></p> <ol type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Quran: interpret the Quran with the Quran</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Ijtihad: effort to find/uncover the mystery of a verse</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Israelite: During the Companions time they would ask Jewish/Christian scholars among those who accepted Islam- Ka’ab</span></li></ol><span style="font-family:georgia;"> </span><br /><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Factors Contributing to the Ability to Perform Ijtihad/ Tools for Ijtihad</span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Arabic language</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Observation of the Quran administered by the Prophet (pbuh), being students of Rasulallah</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">circumstance/context of aya</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">personal relation to verse; came addressing/correcting the Sahabah</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">understanding of Arab traditions</span></li></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><ul><p><span style="font-size:100%;">Ex) verses that pertain to Jahiliyah practices</span></p></ul></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><ul><p> <span style="font-size:100%;">-Thihar</span></p></ul></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><ul><p> <span style="font-size:100%;">-Entering the home from the back, a Qurayshi practice where they prohibited themselves from entering their home from the front during certain months for righteousness. Allah (swt) responds to this practice by addressing its nonsensical nature and commanding persons to enter their home from the front.</span><br /><br /></p></ul></ul> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Cant interpret the Quran w/out depending on the understanding of sahabah</span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">As <u>a group they are not infallible</u>, they have Uzma and will not conspire on a dalalah (misguidance)</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">The Sahabah were praised by Allah (swt) for their iman, commitment and Allah swt was pleased by them</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Some say that after the Prophet (pbuh) passed on they changed, but why would Allah swt praise them knowing they would change.</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">However, <u>as individuals</u> they were human and did make mistakes</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">The Sahabah are of the mujtahideen (exert effort to gain proper rulings)</span></li></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><ul><p><span style="font-size:100%;">-person who makes a decision and is wrong: has 1 reward</span></p></ul></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><ul><p><span style="font-size:100%;">-person who makes a decision and is right: has 2 rewards</span><br /></p></ul></ul> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Ta’wil verse Tafsir</span></p> <ol type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">equal in meaning, are commonly used interchangeably as synonyms when discussing tafsir</span></li><li><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);font-size:100%;" >tafsir</span><span style="font-size:100%;">: </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);font-size:100%;" >used in explaining one word that carries one meaning</span></li></ol> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;">ta’wil: connotation of a word with many meanings, process of choosing proper meaning of a word or statement that can be interpreted in many ways</span></p></ul> <ol start="3" type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);font-size:100%;" >tafsir</span><span style="font-size:100%;">: </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);font-size:100%;" >interpretation based on certain knowledge, verse explained by Prophet</span></li></ol> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;">ta’wil: personal reasoning, ijtihad</span></p></ul> <ol start="4" type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);font-size:100%;" >tafsir: explanation of literal meaning</span></li></ol> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;">ta’wil: actual intent behind verse, intent by Allah (swt)</span></p></ul> <ol start="5" type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);font-size:100%;" >tafsir</span><span style="font-size:100%;">: </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);font-size:100%;" >meant to give meaning of individual words of a verse</span></li></ol> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;">ta’wil: meaning of a verse as a whole, concept</span><br /></p></ul> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">ta’wil can have other meanings depending on the context</span></li><ul type="disc"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">in aqeedah: ta’wil means to twist the meaning of a word</span></li></ul></ul><span style="font-family:georgia;"> </span><br /><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Differing Meanings of Sunnah</span></p> <ol type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">fuqaha: sunnah refers to the halal/haram/mustahab---fard<wbr>/wajib</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">ppl of the lang: sunnah refers to traditions</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">aqidah: sunnah refers to the opposite of biddah</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">usul al fiqh: sunnah refers to the primary souces of Shariah; Quran and Sunnah</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">hadith: sunnah refers to every statement/approval attributed to the Prophet (pbuh)</span></li></ol><span style="font-family:georgia;"> </span><br /><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Differing kinds of Tafsir</span></p> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">tafsir bil rewaya- narration</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">tafsir bil ma’thur</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">tafsir bil ra’y- opinion</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">tafsir bil ashary- indication/sign</span></li></ul><span style="font-family:georgia;"> </span><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" ><b>tafsir bil rewaya:</b></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><b> </b>(p. 12, 14, 16: Hujurat Tafsir)</span></p> <span style="font-family:georgia;"> </span><ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">narration/transmission</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">based on hadith or text</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">consider statements of Tabiun</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">sahabah would seek interpretation from Israelites who became Muslim (becomes athar)</span></li></ul><br /><ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">rules for dealing with Israelite</span></li></ul> <ol type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">contradicts Quran </span><span style="font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-size:100%;"> disregard Quran is truth</span></li></ol> <ol start="2" type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">confirms what is in Quran </span><span style="font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-size:100%;"> accept what confirms the Quran</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">neither confirms or conflicts with Quran </span><span style="font-size:100%;">à</span><span style="font-size:100%;"> don’t believe it nor reject it, cant base a ruling on it</span></li></ol><span style="font-family:georgia;"> </span><br /><p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u>4 methods of tafsir bil rewaya: </u></span></p> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">1. Use Quran</span></p> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">2. Explanation by Prophet (pbuh)</span></p> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">3. Explanation of Quran by Companions (raw)</span></p> <p style="font-family:georgia;"><span style="font-size:100%;">4. Tafsir of Quran by Arabic language</span></p> <ol type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Use Quran/Quran explains itself</span></li></ol> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;">Ex) S. Dukhan: We have revealed it during a Blessed night</span></p></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;"> S. Qadr: Ina Inzalnahu fi laylut al Qadr</span><br /></p></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;">2. Tafsir of Quran by Prophet</span></p></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;">Ex) Ina Ataynakal Kawthar: Prophet (pbuh) explained that Kawthar is a river in Paradise</span><br /></p></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;">3. Tafsir by Sahabah</span></p></ul> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;">Ex) Anytime companion says event for which the event was revealed, helps you understand context</span><br /></p></ul> <ol start="4" type="1" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Tafsir by language</span></li></ol> <ul style="font-family:georgia;"><p><span style="font-size:100%;">Ex) Awlamastu al Nisa = diff of opinion</span></p></ul> <ul type="disc" style="font-family:georgia;"><li><span style="font-size:100%;">two ways to recite: lamas (interaction), lams</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Shafii/Malaki: bodily contact breaks wadu</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Hanafi/Majority of scholars: not merely touching</span></li><li><span style="font-size:100%;">Aesha (raw) reported Prophet (pbuh) would kiss her before Prayer and wouldn’t make wadu</span></li></ul>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2366717408968296470.post-22941629640383235772006-12-04T21:57:00.000-08:002006-12-19T22:01:22.585-08:00Halaqah #2 - 12/4/06<p style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Seeking knowledge is the path to Jannah</span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" ><i>Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) said, “Whoever goes down a path/road searching for knowledge, Allah will make it easy for him the road to Paradise.” (Sahih Muslim, Vol. 3/Hadith No.99)</i></span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >The lowest state in Earth is the Duniya!</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >We as human beings are lucky because we get the opportunity to worship Allah (swt).</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Our final home is Jannah, not this duniya. We are only here for a temporary basis.</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" ><b><u>Introduction to Tafseer:</u></b></span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Tafseer is what Allah intended.</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >The Qur’an was sent so that we implement it! And preserve it!</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >In Surah Al-Qiyaama, ayats 16-19:</span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;" align="center"><span style=";font-size:180%;" >لَا تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ</span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;" align="center"><span style=";font-size:100%;" ><i>Move not thy tongue concerning the (Qur'an) to make haste therewith. (16)</i></span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" > </span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;" align="center"><span style=";font-size:180%;" >إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْآنَهُ</span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;" align="center"><span style=";font-size:100%;" ><i>It is for Us to collect it and to promulgate it: (17)</i></span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;" align="center"><span style=";font-size:180%;" >فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَاهُ فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْآنَهُ</span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;" align="center"><span style=";font-size:100%;" ><i>But when We have promulgated it, follow thou its recital (as promulgated): (18)</i></span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;" align="center"><span style=";font-size:180%;" >ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ</span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;" align="center"><span style=";font-size:100%;" ><i>But when We have promulgated it, follow thou its recital (as promulgated): (19)</i></span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >In Surah An-Nahl, ayat 64:</span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;" align="center"><span style=";font-size:180%;" >وَمَا أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ إِلاَّ لِتُبَيِّنَ لَهُمُ الَّذِي اخْتَلَفُواْ فِيهِ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لِّقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ</span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;" align="center"><span style=";font-size:100%;" ><i>And We sent down the Book to thee for the express purpose, that thou shouldst make clear to them those things in which they differ, and that it should be a guide and a mercy to those who believe.</i> <i>(64)</i></span><br /><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >The Prophet’s adherence and practice of the Qur’an was so exemplary, that upon being asked about his character, his wife Aisha said: “…his character was that of the Qur’an.” (Muslim).</span></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >The definition of the Qur’an = ka’rah, which means to recite. The literal meaning is recitation and reading.</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >The Qur’an is both an object or a subject.</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Acording to Imam Shafee, the word Qur’an was not derived from anything and instead it’s a noun.</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >According to the majority of the scholars the definition of the Qur’an is the actual speech of Allah (swt).</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Any definition must have a ‘jamaa and mana. ‘Jamaa refers to inclusive and mana is exclusive. It should be concise and precise </span><span style=";font-size:100%;" >à</span><span style=";font-size:100%;" > accuracy.</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >The shortest definition of Qur’an is it is the speech of Allah that was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alahyi wa salaam) through Angel Jibrael.</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Isnad = chain of narrations. There has to be connections between the narraters and the listners have to verify it (chain of narrations need to be connected)</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Hadith has to come through muthwathir (chain of narrations that is greater in number)</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Tafseer comes from the root word fussara (to uncover something). To explain something, you have to unveil/uncover it.</span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >There are differences of opinions on whether Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaiyhi wa salaam) explained the whole Qur’an or only explained some parts. Majority of the scholors agree that Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaiyhi wa salaam) did explain the whole Qur’an because he was an embodiment of it. The reference to this is the hadith: <i>The Prophet’s adherence and practice of the Qur’an was so exemplary, that upon being asked about his character, his wife Aisha said: “…his character was that of the Qur’an.” (Muslim).</i></span><br /></p> <p style="font-family: georgia;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >There are five methods of tafseer that were used by the Saahabah during Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam):</span></p> <ul style="font-family: georgia;" type="disc"><li><span style=";font-size:100%;" >To interpret the Qur’an using the Qur’an</span></li><li><span style=";font-size:100%;" >To interpret the Qur’an using Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alaihyi wa salaam) (the sunnah)</span></li><li><span style=";font-size:100%;" >To interpret the Qur’an using knowledge they gained from the understanding of the Qur’an (ishtihad)</span></li><li><span style=";font-size:100%;" >To interpret the Qur’an using Arabic</span></li><li><span style=";font-size:100%;" >To interpret the Qur’an using the Israelilyte</span></li></ul> <br /><span style="font-family: georgia;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;" >Ibn Masood was basically the most dedicated to teach tafseer.</span>Um Sumayyahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05781195066102666434noreply@blogger.com0